The History of Lalbagh Fort, Dhaka

The History of Lalbagh Fort

 

Lalbagh Fort, an incomplete Mughal fort complex, is located in the southwestern part of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It holds significant historical value and is a testament to the architectural grandeur of the Mughal era. Here is a brief history of Lalbagh Fort:

Construction and Early History

Founding and Construction:

• The construction of Lalbagh Fort began in 1678 under the direction of Prince Muhammad Azam, the third son of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Azam was appointed as the Viceroy of Bengal at the time and initiated the project during his stay in Dhaka.
• The fort was intended to serve as the central seat of the Mughal governor in Bengal. However, Prince Azam was called back to Delhi by his father, leaving the fort incomplete.

Shaista Khan's Role:

• After Azam's departure, Shaista Khan, a prominent Mughal general and the new governor of Bengal, took over the project. Shaista Khan did not complete the fort either, largely due to the death of his beloved daughter, Pari Bibi, whose tomb is one of the prominent structures within the fort complex.
• According to popular belief, the death of Pari Bibi led to Shaista Khan losing interest in the fort, viewing it as an ill-omened project.

Architectural Features

Design and Layout:

• Lalbagh Fort covers an area of approximately 18 acres and includes several notable structures: the mosque, the tomb of Pari Bibi, and the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience).
• The architectural style of the fort is a blend of Mughal influences, characterized by intricate carvings, red sandstone, and marble decorations.

Main Structures:

1. The Mosque: A small but elegant mosque with three domes, typical of Mughal architecture.
2. Tomb of Pari Bibi: This is the most significant structure within the fort, made of marble and black basalt, which marks the resting place of Shaista Khan's daughter.
3. Diwan-i-Aam: This building was intended for state functions and public audience with the governor.

Later Developments and Present Day

Abandonment and Decline:

• Following Shaista Khan's departure and the subsequent decline of the Mughal Empire, Lalbagh Fort remained incomplete and fell into neglect.
• During the British colonial period, the fort saw various uses, including being used as a military outpost.

Restoration and Preservation:

• In the 19th and 20th centuries, efforts were made to preserve and restore the fort as a historical monument.
• Today, Lalbagh Fort is managed by the Department of Archaeology of Bangladesh and serves as a major tourist attraction and a symbol of Dhaka's rich historical heritage.

Cultural and Historical Significance

• Lalbagh Fort is a crucial example of Mughal architecture and urban planning in Bengal.
• The site is not only a reminder of the region's Mughal past but also serves as a cultural and historical landmark for the people of Bangladesh.
• The fort complex is frequently visited by tourists, historians, and students, who come to admire its architecture and learn about its historical context.

In summary, Lalbagh Fort is a historical and architectural gem in Dhaka, reflecting the grandeur and incomplete aspirations of the Mughal period in Bengal. Despite its incomplete status, the fort remains a significant cultural and historical site, attracting visitors from around the world.